Nature-based Solutions

Nature-based Solutions (NbS) is a concept that is now being used internationally and nationally to reframe policy debates on biodiversity conservation, climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies, and the sustainable use of natural resources, among other issues. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) defines Nature-based Solutions as "actions to protect, sustainably manage and restore natural or modified ecosystems, that address societal challenges effectively and adaptively, simultaneously providing human well-being and biodiversity benefits". However, some agencies use this new concept interchangeably with others existing concepts such as green infrastructure. In fact, NbS builds on and supports other closely related concepts, such as the ecosystem approach, ecosystem services, ecosystem-based adaptation/mitigation, and green infrastructure. Well implemented NbS could potentially prompt positive changes integrating social and environmental goals under the same framework. However, some clarity and consistent language in statute and policy is urgently needed if this concept really must bring new insights on how we should reframe the current approach to manage natural resources and mitigate risk at the same time. In short, NbS may help to bring out synergies among measures with diverse goals, or it may simply add to the confusion already generated by the proliferation of terms. We hope our work can help clarify and contribute to solutions.